Dump or diversion loads are used in conjunction with a diversion/dump load controller to "burn off" excess energy, typically produced by a turbine. Keeping the turbine on a load prevents the turbine from free-wheeling and being damaged from turning too fast.
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Dump loads need to be properly matched to the maximum power output you can expect from your turbine. This often means carefully calculating how many diversion loads (resistors) you need in parallel or series to take in enough current.
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At minimum, you must have enough dump loads to absorb the full power output from your turbine, as calculated in step 2. Using the equations above, figure out what configuration of dump loads (parallel or series) you need to most-closely come to the Resistance needed. In the equations above, you'll want to try to solve for the Number of Resistors, or Dump Load You Have.