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Sizing a solar panel charge controller. You'll notice that solar charge controllers are specified by both amperage and voltage. You will need a charge controller that matches the voltage of your solar panel array and battery bank. (Usually 12, 24 or 48 VDC) And you'll want to make sure the solar panel charge controller has enough capacity to handle the current (in amps) from your solar panel array. The basic formula for sizing a solar panel charge controller is to take the short circuit current (Isc) of the array, and multiply it by 1.56. (What is short circuit current? Glossary of Alternative Energy Terms & Why 1.56? ) Be sure that the charge controller you select can handle at least that many amps. Please protect this important part of your system with appropriate overcurrent protection before and after the controller. (Enclosures, Electrical and Safety)
Continue reading about types of solar charge controllers and more!Charge controller types. Now that you know what size controller to look for, identify which type of charge controller is right for your application: MPPT, PWM, and PWM shunt controllers. A PWM (Pulse Width Modulated) charge controller is the traditional style. They are robust, inexpensive and widely used in PV applications. PWM shunt controllers are used less often and mostly in applications where electrical interference is an issue. The MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) charge controller is the shining star of today's PV systems. These controllers actually detect the optimum operating voltage and amperage of the solar array and match that with the battery bank. The result is additional 15-30% more power out of your array versus a PWM controller. Although the MPPT controller is more expensive than its PWM counterpart, it is generally worth the investment for any solar electric system over 200 watts.
Continue reading about features and add-ons and more! or View allFeatures and add-ons. Once you have decided on a type of controller, you'll want to identify what features you need. There are many basic-no-frills charge controllers that work well. In addition, there are some great features that will make your renewable energy experience even better. An important addition to your system: battery (Temperature Sensors). Battery capacity depends on temperature, therefore proper battery charging can be significantly enhanced with a temperature sensor. Additionally, some controllers offer control set points, low voltage disconnect, overload protection and displays and metering. If you plan to run a DC load, you can connect it directly to the charge controller. If the charge controller is equipped with a low voltage disconnect (LVD), then the charge controller can detect when the battery is low and shut off the DC load until the battery is charged. Is all of this still confusing? Give us a call and let us know the short circuit current of your array (or at least the brand and size of your modules) and the system voltage (12, 24, 48 VDC) and we'll be glad to help with a recommendation.